2016年全国CATTI考试中级口译翻译练习（一）
口译家整理了“2016年英语中级CATTI练习及答案解析（一）”，希望对参加CATTI考试的考生有所帮助，想获悉更多CATTI考试模拟题，可以持续关注口译家口译考试网。
口译家整理了“
2016年英语中级CATTI练习及答案解析（一）”，希望对参加CATTI考试的考生有所帮助，想获悉更多CATTI考试模拟题，可以持续关注口译家口译考试网。
The expansion of the universities since the beginning of World War II and the great increase in number of college graduates and ph. Ds have produced a corps of technicians, aides, speechwriters, symbol manufactures, investigators, and policy proposers who are now employed by practical men in all institutions. These people, called intellectuals in the sense that they deal with symbols and ideas, have become professionalized in exactly the same sense as the engineer. Unlike the engineer, however, these professional intellectuals are free from much of the routine grind of daily work: they carry light teaching load and enjoy government and foundation grants and subsidies for their research.
The professor’s project budget is the initial economic base that supports his independence within the university. The project budget sustains both the existence of graduate students and the fiscal solvency of the university, which takes a percentage “overhead” out of every project budget. The major feature of project money, whether its source is government or business, is that it is given on a contractual basis, a different contract for each project, so that the investigator’s independence rests upon his capacity to secure a succession of contracts. The ability to secure contracts is a genuine talent among professional intellectuals.
第二次世界大战以来，大学的数目不断增长，本科、甚至是博士毕业生也与日俱增，从而诞生了大批的技术人员、助手、演讲稿撰写人、徽章生产商、调查人员和政策研究员，他们效力于各类务实的研究所中。 这些人员主要解决符号和概念问题，与工程师几乎一样高度专业化，所以人们把它们称为知识分子。
然而这些人员与工程师还有所不同——他们不需从事繁重的日常例行工作，仅承担少量教学工作，同时享受政府研究津贴或补贴。
教授项目预算是其最初的经济基础，使得教师得以在大学里保持独立。研究生是否存在，大学是否存在资金偿还能力，这些都取决于项目预算。大学的资金偿还在整个项目预算中占有重要比例。无论来自于政府或商界，项目资金的重要特点是其建立在契约上，即不同的项目可以争取相同的项目资金，因此调研人员要取得独立，就必须得到连续的研究项目。 获得研究项目是知识分子的一种真正才能。
分析：
①⑵ The expansion of the universities ⑴ since the beginning of World War II and ⑶ the great increase in number of college graduates and ph. Ds have produced a corps of technicians, aides, speechwriters, symbol manufactures, investigators, and policy proposers ⑷ (who are now employed by practical men in all institutions).
▲ 第二次世界大战以来，大学的数目不断增长，本科、甚至是博士毕业生也与日俱增，从而诞生了大批的技术人员、助手、演讲稿撰写人、徽章生产商、调查人员和政策研究员，他们效力于各类务实的研究所中。
转性译法：名词 → 动词 expansion→ 不断增长 increase→ 与日俱增
换序译法：翻译顺序：⑴⑵⑶⑷
意译： produce→ 生产(直译)
→ 诞生(意译)
a corps of→ 团体共同行动或共同指挥下的一伙人(直译)
→ 大批的(意译)
corps 的含义： a body of persons acting together or associated under common direction eg. the
press corps 记者团
难词的翻译：这里从 technician 到 policy proposers 共六个单词都不是很好翻译，考生请注意平时的积累。
定语从句的翻译：重复法
转态译法：被主交换： who are now employed→ 效力于
省词译法： who are now employed by practical men in all institutions 这句中 practical man 解释为
“实干家”，但整句翻译成“他们被各类研究所里的实干家雇佣”，略显累赘，因此可以把 man 在翻译中省略，译成“他们效力于各类务实的研究所中”即可。
②⑷ These people, called intellectuals in the sense that ⑴ they deal with symbols and ideas, ⑶ have become professionalized ⑵ in exactly the same sense as the engineer.
▲ 这些人员主要解决符号和概念问题，与工程师几乎一样高度专业化，所以人们把它们称为知识分子。
in the/a sense 解释为“在某种意义上”。如： What you’ve said is in the sense a great insult to his
dignity. → 你的话语在某种程度上对他的尊严是一种侮辱。
意译： deal with→ 对付;处理(直译)→ 解决(意译)
具体译法：加字法： symbols and ideas→ 符号和概念问题问
换序译法：翻译顺序：⑴⑵⑶⑷
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