高口试题类型
第一部分 Listening Test
1.Spot Dictation (30%)
1) 拼写错误，但不影响理解的，如：intrest。不扣分
2) 每空格写对其中一半词的，给1分。
应试指导：
1)第一句特征及整体分析(内容、语调及写作风格)
2)通篇略读及相关词汇/格局判断
每一段第一句及最末一句
每一篇文章首尾对应
3)章结构分析(平行、转折、举例)
应试技巧：
1)恢复原理
2)五大必填要素
3)其它功能要素及填入词汇特色(参见本校自编教材《中高级口译证书总复习》)
4)高频词汇
2.Multiple Choice (20%)每题1分，共20分。
应试指导：
1)整体判断模式
a、推销产品 b、新闻条例 c、检索段 d、公司企业结构介绍
e、个人?f、产品优缺点 g、某样物品现状
2)选择段技巧
a、四个名词——检索中心词 b、主题团结性 c、语气及强调原则
d、数字及固化词汇不精确性 e、可能性语气及常规选择模型
f、区别及对比模式
以上可参考本校自编教材《口译证书考试专题指导讲座(一)》
3.Nate-taking And Gap-filling (20%)
1)每空格一个单词，每单词1分;
2)拼写错误，但不影响理解的，给0.5分;
3)一个空格填写两个或两个以上单词的，不给分。
4.Sentence Translation (15%)
1)每句句子3分;
2)内容基本正确，表达通顺，给3分;
3)内容基本正确，表达较通顺，给2-2.5分;
4)尚能表达一半内容的，给予1.5分;
5)关键信息错误不给分。
5.Passage Translation
1)每题共两段短文，每段7-8分;
2)语言表达占每段总分的40%，即2.5-3分;
3)内容占每段部分的60%，即4.5-5分;
4)内容错误不给分。
关于翻译(中译英与英译中应试技巧)
应试指导：
1)翻译重点词汇必掌握(参考自编教材《词汇册》及《中高级口译证书高频翻译考点》)
2)掌握中高级口译常见主题及相应句子/词汇、译法
(1)港澳台 (2)经济改革 (3)中美关系 (4)环境保护
(5)人权问题 (6)网络 (7)西部大发展 (8)金融
(9)祖国河山 (10)教育 (11)WTO与世界贸易
(12)现代科学技术 (13)现代科学技术 (14)民族问题
(15)上海及浦东 (16)其它
3)掌握及熟记以上topic所涉及关键句子/词汇(参考自编教材《翻译主题》及《翻译主题续》)
应试技巧：
1)难句(英译中)掌握(72句型)
2)常见口译证书关键句汇编(参考自编教材)
3)间接翻译转换模型
4)翻译重点词判定
第二部分 Reading Test
1.Multiple Choice (50%) 每个选择2.5分。
2.Questions and Answers (50%)
1)每个回答5分;
2)内容基本正确，无语言错误，给5分;
3)内容基本正确，有个别语言错误，扣1-1.5分;
4)内容有错误，酌情扣分。
应试指导：
1)文章中心思想70%原则及中心主题支配性。
2)展开图线及围绕中心讨论性。
3)句子推理性
(范围/语气/具体与抽象)
应试技巧：
1)曲折语气 2)生动词汇 3)主观性 4)承上式 5)部分性/局部性
6)区别性/相异性 7)表面与深层转换 8)难词效应 9)复杂转换
10)可能性 11)常记性 12)评论及抽象文字
一. 听力单题技巧:：
(一) 预测能力(道正认为预测是听力不可缺少的一部分)
预测能力是听者在听取录音之前所具有的获取信息的能力。听者可通过对某些关键词、重要短语、相关问题和选项的分析来提前预测听力材料中的大致内容。
1. 分析选项，预测答案
选项是信息材料的重要体现，因而它是听者重要的信息来源。听者通过对选项的解析思考，可以将注意力集中到某一点上。
在对选项进行解析思考时，听者应对短选项一目了然，抓住重点。譬如：
(A)At one o‘clock. (B) At two o’clock. (C)At three o‘clock. (D) At four o’clock.
当你看到这四个选项时，你脑海中马上就会有时间的概念。试题可能会问What time,所以在听录音时，你就应注意有关时间的陈述。
W: Hi, Jack.
M: Hi Wanda. Where are you rushing to?
W: I‘m heading for a meeting of the ski club. It starts at three o’clock.
此时，你会清晰地听到at three o‘clock, 最后当你听到What time does the meeting begin?时，你就会毫不犹豫地选(C)。
● 本题较简单，有时命题者会进行若干混淆，如有可能考生听到"in the late 19th century", 这时考生可能从(A)1831(B) 1857(C)1921(D)1951，最后答案为(B)，或者有时考生听到"某某事发生于1971， then 3 years later people realized it." 考生听到"When did people realize it? " 考生应选择为(D)1974，道正建议熟悉命题构造是取胜的关键。
对长选项的解析比对短选项的解析难度大。因为长选项句子长、信息多，需要听者在几秒钟内略读一遍，所以要求听者具有快速阅读能力、快速反应能力、短期记忆能力和处理信息能力。为了既省时，又准确，做到有的放矢，应注意：A、纵观选项;B、划出相异词语;C、预测目标选项;D、听音时有所侧重。譬如：
(A) We told him not to go to Australia and he took our advice.
(B) We asked him not to go to Australia, but he didn‘t listen to us.
(C) We tried to persuade him to go to Australia, but he said he didn‘t want to.
(D) We said that he could do well in Australia, but he was not convinced.
当听者遇到这四个选项时，乍一看句子很长，但不同点却只有几个词。若竖看，听者会发现前三句开头有相似之处 We told/ asked /persuade him (not) to go to Australia。看完这四个选项之后，听者便会想像出问题可能会是"我们是(否)劝他去澳大利亚，他是否听从了。"因此，当我们听到 "We tried to persuade him not to go to Australia, but in vain." 时，我们就会毫不犹豫地选(B)。
● 请大家注意：(B)(C)(D)三个选项形状相近，(一般听力技巧意群一致中，有一个解)，所以这三个选项中有解的可能性极大。而选项(C)出现了tried to persuade him ，与原文一致，而且唯一出现所以命题者含义是要考生听到什么选什么，所以(C)也不可能为解。(B)与(D)二项相反，所以做解概率较大，道正认为熟悉试题选项构造是取胜的关键。
2. 综合分析，抓关键词
当出现几个或多个选项信息时，听者应纵观所有选项，推断出其中的关键词，连词
成一线(在听长篇文章时，尤为如此)。这样听者既有总体印象，又能预测出所问问题的范围。
例如： (A) There is no variation in climate in the United States.
(B) The climate varies a little in the United States.
(C) The climate varies a lot in the United States.
(D )The climate is very pleasant all the year round.
在听音之前浏览一遍所有选项，稍加分析，听者便不难发现选项中的几个信息词no variation, a little, a lot, very pleasant。听者不妨将这些信息划出或做标记，在听音时加以注意，这样便很容易听出。
● 考生应该注意的选项技巧为：(道正推荐)
a.相似中的多项(选择项)解其中
b.意群一致中有解
c.程度及加强语气中有解(作者强调为解)
(二)辨听信息
辨听信息是一项监听技能，可谓同样是解析分析之钥匙。掌握它，听者便可接匙开锁，问题便可迎刃而解。在听音过程中，通过对具体信息的识别，以点带面，理解全篇。例如：
(A)Jason met his former college teacher unexpectedly in Chicago.
(B) Jason missed his former college teacher in Chicago.
(C) Jason planned a meeting in Chicago with his former college teacher.
(D) Jason went back to his college in Chicago.
四个选项中的具体不同信息为met，missed，planned a meeting，went back to。听者在听时须留意辨别。当听者听到 "Jason ran across his former college teacher during a business trip to Chicago. "时，"ran across"正好与(A)中的"met...unexpectedly"相吻合。
● 在口译证书中，同义词、近义词、相关词是转换的重点，如听到"yes-signs" 选 "agree", 听到 "wholly done" 选 "completed"。
(三)要点选择
要点选择在听力理解中是一项非常重要的技能。听者可以通过对要点的选择来达到预期理解和选择的目的，尤其是通过对一些重要话语如标识语和非标识语的理解。
1.标识语
标识语以一个词、一个短语、一个句子甚至一个标点出现在听力材料中，以引起听者注意。这些标识语有：firstly ..·，secondly..·， thirdly...;the first thing I‘m going to talk about is..·， the next thing..·，the most important thing 1 want to make clear is..·， the last thing 1want to...etc.
● 道正认为，应在如下几个方面注意听力要点：
(A) 语气强调必考 extremely definitely the best option
(B) 插入必考 by the way what‘s more
(C) 唯一性必考 unique only
(D) 平行例子中，反复出现选择必考
(E) 平行例子中，最后出现的是关键
2.非标识语
非标识语在听力材料中无明显的语言标识，它是讲话人利用声调高低、语速快慢的变化手段来提醒听者。例如：
W：Help me with this stack of books，will you7
M：‘Help’，you! Do you think I‘ work，here?由以上对话可以看出，讲话人重读了help you!同时后边用力问道Do you think l work here?这样讲话人便提示了听者"我是不会帮助你的"。
(四)猜词悟意
猜词悟意是利用语篇结构，上下文语境以及定义来推测生词的涵义和句子的内容。听力的过程就是随讲话人讲话的语速，听者边听边记边思维的过程。听完材料后，听者应根据自己的记忆、理解和判断去回答一系列的问题。所以在听力技能训练方面要特别注意利用定义、篇章、上下文语境来推测生词的涵义，进而达到对句子、文章的正确理解和对问题的正确回答。例如：定义..is/mean(s);举例... for example/such as/for instance/like...;重述...or/that is/namely...;连贯 firstly...secondly...thirdly...
(五)掌握大意
听者在听完一篇文章后，力求听懂全文，掌握其意。然而，情况并非如此简单。在听音时，听者往往会有几个单词或有些地方听不懂，会停留在未听懂的单词上思考，这样不仅影响下文的听音，而且会影响总体听音效果。因此，听者须注意以下技能的培养：
1)分析选项，由选项预测内容。
2)辨别关键词，以点带面领悟篇章大意。
3)听音时应特别注意篇章首尾句，来掌握材料大意。
● 考生应注意主题围绕性是解题重要技巧
二、篇章听力技能
篇章听力不同于句子听力，它超出句子和简单对话层次界限。因为短文篇幅长，信息量大，要求听者知识面宽，基本功扎实，不仅需要掌握中心大意，而且需要掌握事实数据。因此该部分为听力测试中难度最大的部分。
有些考生在测试中，由于缺乏基本听力技能和知识面，听音后往往抓不住中心，只知支离破碎的几个词和几句话，可谓只见树木，而不见森林。这样考生对篇章的印象也只是断断续续、模模糊糊。在选择时，也只能像砍了头的鸡，到处乱撞，或"眉毛胡子一把抓"。那么，如何预测信息，获取信息，成功应试呢?这就需要掌握以下篇章听力技能。
(一)预测信息
在听短文时，可利用读Direction的时间，快速扫视短文问题的选择项，然后分析预测短文的主旨是什么，会提出什么样的问题，提出什么样的观点和看法。同时，利用关键词、主体句、结论句、标识词等去预测听的内容是关于哪方面的。在听的过程中，利用已获信息不断调整预测，不断思考联想，以掌握短文主旨，观点和看法。
You will read：
(A)International Business Machines Corporation.
(B)International Business Machine· . '
(C)Iron Beam Machining Company.
(D)Iron Boat Machine Corporation.
从选项中，听者会猜出材料谈的是有关"机械公司"方面的事。因为四个选项中，均出现 machine一词。三个选项中，均出现"公司"一词，即：(A)中的Corporation，(C)中的Company 以及(D)中的Corporation.
When you hear：
Which of the following is the full name of IBM?
你会立刻想到IBM中，I表示International，B表示Business，M表示Machines。乍看，(B)项似乎合适，但IBM是一公司的名称，应将Corporation一词加上，所以全称应为International Business Machines Corporation.
● 预测信息流程(道正推荐)
预测全部试题 确定题型内容 主题为中心采用围绕性
特征模式 确认听力重点
下面以高级口译试题为例:
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.
1. (A) A compact car.
(B) A wrist watch.
(C) A walkman.
(D) A small television.
2. (A) Eight years ago.
(B) In the spring of 1982.
(C) At the end of 1982.
(D) In 1983.
3. (A) Sinclair
(B) Casio.
(C) Hattori.
(D) Sony.
4. (A) People who show great interest in novelty items.
(B) People who work at railway or bus stations.
(C) People who travel on trains and buses regularly.
(D) People who have monotonous work.
5. (A) It's getting smaller every year.
(B) It's increasing rapidly.
(C) It's expanding only in Japan.
(D) It started in the 70's.
本篇文章为标准产品推荐文，题1)的四个选项为名词，均为物品词，也就是文章讨论的中心。题2)为时间，一定是与物品有关的时间，如产品发明时间等。题3)为专有名词，估计是文中讨论的重点产品的名称。题4)主要是顾客群。题5)为产品发展状态。
(二)获取信息
获取信息的过程是由预测信息，到分析推断，直至了解掌握信息的过程。在获取信息的过程中，除了利用语篇知识外，还可充分利用标识连接词(joining words/remarks)来调节听音节奏，把握句与句，段与段之间的关系，掌握讲话者的思路、观点和倾向，以便有效地获取事实、数据等重要信息。
标识连接词有：
1) 时间标识词：first，second，next，after，afterwards，etc.
2) 条件标识词：if, if so，unless，otherwise，in that case，in the circumstances，etc.
3) 例举标识词：like，such as，for example，take...for example，etc.
4 ) 转折标识词：but，however，otherwise，although，On the contrary，etc.
5) 附加标识词：and，also，likewise，in addition to，etc.
6) 因果标识词：because，so，since，as a result，etc.
7) 对照标识词：while，whereas，however，by contrast，on the other hand，etc.
8) 结果标识词：80，thus，therefore，accordingly，in short，in a word，in conclusion，etc
● 道正认为这里的主要关键在于识别文章必考位置，使考生可以有选择地记忆主要内容，加强效率。
(三)成功应试
对于篇章听力的成功应试，听者还须掌握以下应试技巧：
1.充分准备，沉着应试
作好各种应试准备，其中重要的是作好心理准备。增强自信心，克服心理障碍，消除焦虑和恐慌。
2.巧用时间，争取主动
在考完Part A中的statements之后，考生无需去听读Talks and Conversations部分的Directions。因为对于该部分说明考生在考前就已熟悉了解所以考生可利用此时间扫视下面的选项，预测材料内容，做到有的放矢。
3.分析选项，强记信息
快速阅读选择项，综合分析重要信息，如数字、年代、人名、地名等，以便强记或听音时加以特别重视和记忆。
4.找关键，抓主题，以点带面
一般来讲，论述文、说明文或演讲文的第一句为主体句(topic sentence)。因此，听音起始，应专心致志听好第一句，从而抓好关键信息和连接标识词。切莫停留在个别未听懂的词句上。顾此失彼，恶性循环。
5.边听音，边速记，掌握重要信息
在听音过程中，可能会出现许多重要信息，一时难以全部记住。这就需要听者在听音过程中速记。如将数字、人名、地名以及其他重要内容等用阿拉伯数字或用缩写以及其他简单符号记录下来。
三、记录技能训练
(一) 听写技能
听力听写技能训练是基本听力技能和速记技能的综合训练。以听写来加强所听内容的印象和记忆。尤其是在听力测试(Listening Test)中第一项就是Spot Dictation。听者只能听该项材料一遍(only once)，因此，务求听者对空白处，不仅要认真听，而且要快速反应。在记录空白处时，可先用缩写、简单的符号或一两个字母来替代整个单词，最后再补全。
(二)速记技能
在听较长的对话或短文时，不仅要把握主旨，记忆要点，而且还要速记一些诸如时间、地
标识连接词有：
1) 时间标识词：first，second，next，after，afterwards，etc.
2) 条件标识词：if, if so，unless，otherwise，in that case，in the circumstances，etc.
3) 例举标识词：like，such as，for example，take...for example，etc.
4 ) 转折标识词：but，however，otherwise，although，On the contrary，etc.
5) 附加标识词：and，also，likewise，in addition to，etc.
6) 因果标识词：because，so，since，as a result，etc.
7) 对照标识词：while，whereas，however，by contrast，on the other hand，etc.
8) 结果标识词：80，thus，therefore，accordingly，in short，in a word，in conclusion，etc
● 道正认为这里的主要关键在于识别文章必考位置，使考生可以有选择地记忆主要内容，加强效率。
(三)成功应试
对于篇章听力的成功应试，听者还须掌握以下应试技巧：
1.充分准备，沉着应试
作好各种应试准备，其中重要的是作好心理准备。增强自信心，克服心理障碍，消除焦虑和恐慌。
2.巧用时间，争取主动
在考完Part A中的statements之后，考生无需去听读Talks and Conversations部分的Directions。因为对于该部分说明考生在考前就已熟悉了解所以考生可利用此时间扫视下面的选项，预测材料内容，做到有的放矢。
3.分析选项，强记信息
快速阅读选择项，综合分析重要信息，如数字、年代、人名、地名等，以便强记或听音时加以特别重视和记忆。
4.找关键，抓主题，以点带面
一般来讲，论述文、说明文或演讲文的第一句为主体句(topic sentence)。因此，听音起始，应专心致志听好第一句，从而抓好关键信息和连接标识词。切莫停留在个别未听懂的词句上。顾此失彼，恶性循环。
5.边听音，边速记，掌握重要信息
在听音过程中，可能会出现许多重要信息，一时难以全部记住。这就需要听者在听音过程中速记。如将数字、人名、地名以及其他重要内容等用阿拉伯数字或用缩写以及其他简单符号记录下来。
各类题型精析
(该部分是从历届考题中找出考生和辅导班学员在做听力、听力翻译、阅读、笔译以及口译各题型中最容易出错的典型例句进行精析，以供考生在考前复习时参考。)
考题题型构成：
英语高级口译资格证书考试分为第一阶段考试和第二阶段考试。第一阶段考试为笔试，试卷题型包括以下几种类型：
第一部分(Section l)：听力测试(包括听写和听力理解)(Part A：Spot Dictation;Part B：
Listening Comprehension)(30minutes);
第二部分(Section2)：阅读测试(多项选择题)(Reading Test)(30minutes);
第三部分(Section 3)：翻译测试(英译汉)(Translation Test)(30minutes);
第四部分(Section4)：听力测试(笔记及填空和听译)(Part A：Note-taking and Gap-filling;Part B：Listening and Translation)(30minutes);
第五部分(Section5)：阅读测试(简答题)(Reading Test)(30minutes);
第六部分(Section6)：翻译测试(汉译英)(Translation Test)(30minutes)。
考生通过第一阶段考试后，方可参加第二阶段考试。
第二阶段考试为口试，包括口语和口译。
口语试卷有A卷或B卷之分，但题型一样，难易程度相当。
口译试卷(1NTERPRETATIONSECTION)也有A卷或B卷之分。A卷或B卷均包括Part A(two English passages) and Part B (two Chinese passages)。
第一节 听力精析(听写、听力理解)
该部分(Section 1)为听力测试，分为Part A：Spot Dictation和Part B：Listening Comprehension。Part A and Part B要求考生在30分钟内完成。题目要求如下：
SECTION l：LISTENINGTEST(30minutes)
I.Part A：Spot Dictation
Direction: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.
该部分(Part A)为听写填空题(Spot Dictation)。该部分题材广泛，体裁多样。试题中有20处标号的空缺部分需要考生填写。空缺部分多为2-4个词组成的短语或习惯用语。听写内容播放后有3-5分钟间隙供考生填写。听写文字内容长度为300-400个词。(中级口译为250-350个词)
只念一遍，语速为每分钟100词左右。考生在听写开始前可提前浏览文章，做到心中有数，有的放矢。这样有助于考生听力理解。现就一听力实考题进行分析。
Today I'm going to consider very briefly a problem concerned with the competition for land use, that is, whether crops should be used to produce food or should be used to ___(1) and in considering this problem I will look at ___ (2): the historical background to the problem, the economics involved in the competition for land use, some examples, and ___ (3) to a potential problem.
In considering the historical background we should ___ (4) of the 1970s due to the rapid trend in increasing oil prices. Many countries have looked for ___ (5) to make them independent of other countries' ___ (6). Examples of alternative energy sources include such things as solar power, the ___ (7), and also the production of biogas. Biogas is methane which is produced from ___ (8).
A particularly interesting possibility for many developing countries has been the ___ (9) to alcohol. This is interesting because in many developing countries there is a ___ (10) and at the same time a small industrial sector and thus the ___ (11) the agricultural sector to produce fuel is of interest to those countries.
Research is going on ___ (12), for example, from sugar and there are two main economic reasons for this. First of all, the world price of sugar ___ (13) or the world price of sugar has fallen in very real terms ___ (14). This has caused a problem for those economics which are ___ (15) their sugar production, as it gives them an alternative possibility for ___ (16). And secondly sugar is the most efficient source of alcohol; therefore, it is ___ (17) to make fuel. by, distilling alcohol from it.
In addition to sugar there are ___ (18) that can be used to make alcohol, for example, ___ (19) such plants as the cassava plant and the sweet potato are good sources from which alcohol can be made and in non-tropical countries you have such things as ___ (20).
答案：
1. produce fuel 2. four main areas
3. a possible solution 4. look at the oil crisis
5. alternative energy sources 6. fossil fuels
7. harnessing of wind and waves 8. human and animal waste
9. conversion of plant material 10. a large agriculture sector
11. possibility of using 12. in the production of alcohol
13. has fallen dramatically 14. in the last decade
15. dependent on 16. using their sugar
17. relatively economical 18. other starchy plants
19. in tropical countries 20. corn and sugar beet
精析：
考生在快速预览该篇文章后，尤其是在预览主题句后，便对其含义有总体印象，它是关于the competition for land use的短文。与此同时，考生可对部分填空题目作出大致的推断。这样，考生在听的同时，将预测信息与听到信息有机结合起来，便可作出正确判断。若遇同音词可以根据语义和语法规则进行判断。最后，若有个别词或短语尚未听懂，考生可根据文章上下文的连贯性和平行性(coherence and parallel)，语义的(semantic)一致性(consistency)，以及语法规则(grammatical rule)的准确性(accuracy)来猜词悟意，直至篇章完善。
1)由主题句猜测篇章大意也必不可少。该篇文章开头句就提到：“Today I‘m going to consider very briefly a problem concemed with the competition for land use，that is，whether crops should be used to produce food or should used to___ (1)and...”。由此看出，本文是讲述作者对土地使用目的的研究，庄稼是用来生产食物，还是用来生产燃料。文章第二、第三、第四和第五自然段是对主题的展开论述。由第二自然段的首句“In considering the historical background we should ___(4)of the l970s due to the rapid trend in increasing oil prices.”，便可知该段是说“能源危机的历史状况”。由第三自然段的首句“Aparticularly interesting possibility for many developing countries has been the__ (9)to alcohol.”，便可知该段是说“发展中国家利用农业资源的状况”。由第四自然段的首句“Research is。going on ___(12)，for example，from sugar and there two main economic reasons for this.”便可知该段是说“农业资源生产的经济原因”的情况。最后一段，由“In addition to sugar there are____(18)that can be used to make alcohol，...”中的“In addition to”，考生便可推断出作者又进一步论证除蔗糖以外的情况。掌握中心是考生第一关键。
2)预测信息，猜词悟意。考生在对文章有了总体印象后，可在脑海中预测一些信息，同时可根据上下文的连贯性猜词悟意。，如“Today I‘m going to consider very brieflv a problem
concerned with the competition for land use;that is，whether crops should be used to produce food or should be used to ___ (1)..“由句中”whether crops should be used to produce food'‘，考生便可猜出(1)这一空格会出现平行的“produce"一词。当考生听音时会有的放矢，很容易就会听出这一信息"produce fuel"。万一考生在听音时没有听清”fuel'’一词，考生可根据下文关于能源的内容，进行猜测。
3)遵循语法，完善句子。当考生对一些音素可能听得不很清楚时，如“...and in considering this problem I will look at___(2)：”句中的第(2)空格"four main areas"究竟是“for"还是”four“，可根据语法知识和语义内容作出正确判断。该句的下半句”...the historical background to the problem，the economics involved in the competition for land US，some examples，and__(3)to a potential problem.“正好反映了4个主要方面，因此该词
应该是“four"。若出现如单词是否加s，加ing之类的情况，考生没听清楚，此时，可根据语法的准确性来作出判断。例如”In addition to sugar there are __ (18)that can be used to make alcohol，...“。句中出现了"there are"，后面的名词肯定是复数形式，那么就不会是”plant"而是“plants"指各种各样的植物。再如，”Examples of alternative energy sources include such things as solar power，the ___ (7)，...“，在第(7)空格前是定冠词，那么要添的空白肯定应该是名词，但”harness"一词虽可作名词用，但作名词时作“马具，系在身上的绳子，甲胄”解，没有“利用(河流、瀑布、风浪等)产生动力”的意思，所以在此应该用动名词的形式“harnessing'‘，整个空为 ”harnessing of wind and waves"。
另外，道正认为，考生应对填空词汇的种类特征进行研究，这一部分经研究共有27种类型，请考生可参考道正学校自编《口译证书Spot Dictation》教材。
考生做该部分试题的一般原则是：预览全文-掌握大意-预测信息-猜词悟意-辨听信息-快速反应-获取信息-遵循语法-完善全文。
Ⅱ.PartB：Listening Comprehension
该部分由4篇听音对话或听音篇章组成。对话部分的内容题材与日常生活、工作或学习有关。讲话及讲座的内容涉及科普或社会专题。该部分不仅考核考生理解能力，而且还有记忆能力、思维能力。根据所讲技巧，有必要先看后听，掌握中心议题。一般来说，对话的提问顺序是与对话本身的概念递进和逻辑发展齐头并进的。每篇有5个选择题，共20道题组成。要求考生从四个选择项中选出最贴近听音原文的答案。现从历届试题中选出一篇对话加以精析。
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation
1. (A) Blue.
(B) Green.
(C) Red.
(D) Yellow.
2. (A)"Swimming."
(B) "Wills's Woodbines."
(C) A petrol company badge.
(D) "Tidy."
3. (A) In the early 190Os.
(B) In the early 1950s.
(C) Around 1945.
(D) After 1955.
4. (A) "Smoked by Millions."
(B) "Bought by Millions."
(C) "Love for Humankind."
(D) "I've been to Disneyland."
5. (A) Two.
(B) Three.
(C) Four.
(D) Five.
听力原文
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken only once. Now listen carefidly and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Now let's begin Part B with Listening Comprehension.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation
F: Er …… roughly, Mr. Andrew Simpson, when did you begin collecting badges?
M: At my primary school, I think. The teachers used to give out badges to pupils who were.
particularly good at certain things. So I got a little blue badge with the word "swimming" on
it, and then another one I remember——it was green——which had the word "Tidy" on it! Ha!
F: And have you still got those badges in your collection?
M: No . . . well, I've got the swimming badge, but I think I was so untidy that I must have lost the tidy badge years ago!
F: And you started collecting badges, then, from that, the age of about nine7
M: Er, yeah, I guess so …… eight or nine or so. That's right. In those days——we're talking about the early fifties——there weren't so many cars around as there are today. So filling stations didn't have so many customers. So the petrol companies used to give out badges. I suppose they thought that kids whose parents had a car would keep asking them to go to a particular filling station so that they could get another free badge. My dad bought our first car in 1954. I think it was——a black Ford Popular——and every time I went out with him in it I used to ask him to go to a different petrol station so that I could add more to my growing badge collection. Actually, he was a very shy man, my father, and I'm sure he didn't like asking for free things ……
F: SO petrol company badges were the first ones in your collection, weren't they?
M: After "swimming" and "tidy", yeah…… But soon all sorts of companies started making badges to advertise their products, even cigarette companies. I've got one in my collection for Wills's Woodbines——they were the cheapest cigarettes in those days——and on the badge, at the bottom, it says, "Smoked by Millions"——no health warnings in those days……
F: How did you start collecting foreign badges?
M: I started travelling! Actually, I have to say that as a teenager I rather lost interest in badges and in fact I threw away a lot …… or, er lost quite a lot …… ones which would be rather valuable today. But when I left university I got a job in Austria and whenever I had a holiday, I used to take cheap trips to countries in Eastern Europe. Badges are very popular there and I soon started collecting again. I've got some really beautiful badges from Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union, and some lovely ones from Yugoslavia, too.
F: Do people in Eastern Europe wear badges or do they just collect them?
M: Oh, they wear them just like we do.
F: Why do you think people do wear badges?
M: Well, I think there are probably three main reasons. I 'think some people wear them to show that they belong to something. You know, like a group or a club or an association of some sort …… like the Rotary Club or a trade union. And then I think people wear badges for they have something to say to the world. To tell people what they think——political or religious badges—— which show what kind of person the wearer is, what he or she believes in, what they want to me" communicate …… or badges which say things like, er, "Please don't smoke near or "I'm a vegetarian". I think that sort of badge is very popular these days.
F: You said you thought there were three main reasons why people wear badges ……
M: Oh, yes. Well, the third reason, I think, is to show everyone else where you've been …… you know, badges which say things like "I've been to Disneyland". A lot of people put stickers like that on their cars, too. There are other reasons, of course but I think they're the main ones.
Question No. 1 What colour was the "Tidy" badge?
Question No. 2 Which badge does Andrew Simpson think he has lost?
Question No. 3 When do you think Andrew Simpson was born?
Question No. 4 What is the slogan on the Wills's Woodbines badge?
Question No. 5 How many main reasons are given by Andrew Simpson for people to wear badges?
精析：
从这组选择题系列以及对话的开始，考生可以知道：这是一篇有关徽章搜集和使用的对话。
Question No.1 What colour was the"Tidy"badge?
根据提问的一般原则：提问顺序和情节发展是平行进行的，所以，该答案一定在该篇对话的开始部分。听音原文中有这样一句话“……and then another one I remember-it was green-which had the word "Tidy on it!Ha!"，据此，考生可以断定the”Tidy“badge的颜色为绿色。只有答案(B)符合题意，所以正确答案为(B)。考生在做此题时应注意听，切莫与”So I got a little blue badge with the word‘swimming’on it“中的”blue'‘相混淆。
Question NO.2 Which badge does Andrew Simpson think he has lost?
当考生听到"I've got the swimming badge，but I think I Was so untidy that I must have lost the tidy badge years ago!"便可知道Andrew Simpson所丢失的是“the tidy badge"。(D)项符合题意，为正确答案。听音时，考生同样应该注意不要将”the tidy badge'‘混淆为“the swimming badge"。
Question NO.3 When do you think Andrew Simpson was born?
在对话中，并没有直接谈到Andrew Simpson是何时出生的，但是通过对话，考生可以计算出他大致的出生时间。
F： Andyou started collecting badges，then，from that，the age of about nine?
M： Er，yeah，I guess so...eight or nine or so.That's right.In those days-we're talking about the early fifties-there weren't so many cars around as there are today.
通过这两句对话，我们可以知道"……we're talking about the early fifties"是发生在50年代早期，当时他八九岁左右，此时开始搜集徽章，这样就可以计算出他的出生大约是在1945年左右。因此，只有选项(C) Around l945.符合题意。
Question No.4 What is the slogan on the Wills's Woodbines badge?
该题答案较为明显，比较容易听出。当考生听到“I've got one in my collection for Wills's Woodbines——they were the cheapest cigarettes in those days——and on the badge，at the bottom，it says，”Smoked by Millions"-no health warnings in those days...“时，”Smoked by Millions"就很容易印在脑海中。四个选项中，(A)项为正确答案。
Question NO.5 How many main reasons are given by Andrew Simpson for people to wear badges?该问题体现在对话中也是直问直答。其中对话为：
F：Why do you think people do wear badges?
M：Well，I think there are probably three main reasons.
显然，人们戴徽章有3个主要方面的原因。因此答案(B)为正确答案。
该部分为高级口译第一阶段测试中的第二部分，即：SECTION 2：Reading Test。该部分考试时间为30分钟。阅读材料均选自英语原版材料，共4篇。内容及题材具有多样性、普遍性和社会性。要求考生应有一定的词汇量，以及阅读理解技能，如概括中心思想能力，推理与释义能力;另外，还应有与英语国家社会和文化相关的知识面。现就历届考题中的一篇进行精析。
SECTION 2: READING TEST (30 minutes)
Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D) to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1 ~ 5 are based on the following passage
British Aerospace is planning to set up its own university because it cannot recruit the skilled graduates it needs from existing institutions.
BAe has a team drafting a range of options for the university, which would award its own degrees. Work on the scheme is expected to start in the next few months.
Sir Richard Evans, chief executive of British Aerospace, has already launched a recruiting drive for engineers on the Continent because of a shortage of high-calibre domestic candidates. Advertising campaigns in France, Germany and other European countries will seek to attract students expecting to graduate in the summer.
Other engineering employers are expected to follow suit. The move to take on overseas graduates comes after BAe left one in five of its graduate places unfilled last year, blaming shortcomings in the education system.
If the scheme is approved, BAe will either build a full university or incorporate sites at its main research and manufacturing centres at Famborough, Surrey, and Warton, Lancashire. The company would have to convince the education authorities that the university had sufficient teaching capacity and autonomy for it to be allowed to award degrees. BAe said it was setting up its own education system and recruiting staff abroad because "there is a shortage of engineering graduates, beth in terms of quantity and quality".
The Engineering Employers' Federation said that skill shortages were an urgent problem. Rolls- Royce, another large engineering employer, said there was a general skill shortage, although it had filled its graduate quota. Rolls will soon recruit internationally to reflect its expanding international operations.
Engineering's failure to attract students has been attributed to poor pay and long-term prospects, given the decline in British manufacturing. BAe would not reveal how much it pays graduates, but Lucas Variety, a large engineering employer, paid a starting salary of ~ 14,200 last year. That compares with an average graduate starting salary of ~ 15, 300, according to Income Data Services.
British universities have found it increasingly difficult to recruit well-qualified undergraduates. Even Oxford and Cambridge fail to meet their quotas in many engineering subjects.
Alan Smithers, whose Centre for Education and Employment Research, at Bmnel University, produced a report on the supply of science and engineering graduates early this year, said that the discipline had been over expanded. "There is now a lack of quality to withstand competition in an increasingly international sphere. Companies go where they can find the best candidates."
Engineering docs not enjoy the high status in Britain that it occupies in other parts of the world. Courses in other parts of Europe and the Far East command among the highest entry requirements of all degree subjects and take five years, rather than the norm of three in Britain.
1. British Aerospace is recruiting engineers on the Continent __
(A) as the pay for them can be much lower
(B) as there are not enough well, qualified candidates at home
(C) to compete with France, Germany and other European countries
(D) to set up a university of its own
2. In the passage, the expression "to follow suit" in the sentence "Other engineering employers are expected to follow suit" (para. 4) can best be paraphrased as __
(A) to join BAe in its recruiting scheme
(B) to take the unanimous action
(C) to recruit graduates overseas
(D) to establish universities
3. Which of the following is NOT the reason that engineering courses fail to attract British students?
(A) The decline of British manufacturing industry.
(B) The recruitment of engineers abroad.
(C) The lower pay for engineering graduates.
(D) The long and slow process of success and promotion after graduation.
4. "Oxford" and "Cambridge" are mentioned in the passage to show that __
(A) they are the world famous universities
(B) they are not cooperating with British Aerospace
(C) they are reforming the engineering education
(D) they can not fulfil their recruitment quotas in engineering
5. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
(A) There should be further cooperation between British Aerospace and Higher Institutions.
(B) Shortage of engineers leads BAe to plan its own university.
(C) British Higher Education has recently been reevaluated.
(D) British Engineering education is severely criticized for its lack of quality.
精析：
1.原题所问的是英国航空航天局正在欧洲大陆招工程师是因为什么?从原文中有关部分"Sir Richard Evans，chief executive of British Aerospace，has already launched a recruiting drive for engineers on the Continent because of a shortage of high-calibre domestic candidates.“，可以看出，是因为国内缺乏有资格的人员。(A)项是说对他们所付的工资可以更低，(C)项为可以同法国、德国以及其他欧洲国家竞争，(D)项为设立自己的大学，这些选项均不符合题意，因此只有B因为国内没有足够的具有资格的候选人”是正确的。正确答案为(B)。
2.该句为具体短语和句子理解题。要求考生理解“to follow suit'‘这一短语在句子”Other engineering employers are expected to follow suit"中的含意;但要理解这一含意，又必须根据上文和下句(para.4)的含意才能作出判断。上文是说由于英国国内缺乏具有资格的工程师，因此要在海外(欧洲大陆)招聘毕业生，下旬又说“The move to take on overseas graduates comes after BAe left one in five of its graduate places unfilled last year，blaming shortcomings in the education system.”，所以"to follow suit'’意为“to recruit graduates overseas,”。(C)项为正确答案。
3.英国工程学课程不能吸引英国学生有各种各样的原因。题目所问为否定项，哪一个不是这一原因。其中，(A)项为英国制造业的衰落，(C)项为工程毕业生薪水更低，(D)为毕业后加官晋级、获得成功是一个漫长的过程，这些都符合篇章中提到的原因，而只有(B)项从国外招收工程师是由此产生的结果。所以，只有(B)项正确。
4.该题所问的是：篇章中提到牛津和剑桥两所大学是想表明什么?从篇章中的 para.8，“British universities have found it increasingly difficult to recruit well-qualified undergraduates.Even Oxford and Cambridge failt on meet their quotas in many engineering subjects.”，便可知选项(D)they can not fulfil their recruitment quotas in engineering.即：它们不能完成招收工程学学生的数额，符合题意。正确答案为(D)。
5.该题属于概括题。要求考生能选择出概括篇章的最佳句子。选项(A)There should be further cooperation between British Aerospace and Higher Institutions.英国航空航天局应该与高等教育机构进一步合作，选项(C)British Higher Education has recently been revaluated.近来已对英国高等教育进行了重新评估，选项 (D)British Engineering education is severely criticized for its lack of quality。即：英国工程教育由于质量不佳受到严肃批评，这些概括句子都不符合篇章的主旨，只有(B)Shortage of engineers leads Bae to plan its own university.符合篇章要旨。所以正确答案为(B)。
考生做该部分试题的一般原则是：略读全文-领会大意-阅读选项-寻读对照-准确判断。或：阅读选项-略读全文-领会大意-寻读对照相馆-准确判断。
（责任编辑:doublejp）
