对于已经在奋力满足初级卫生保健需求的国家来说，这些疾病无疑增加了负担。相比于持续增长的超重人口最终所花费的治疗费用，制定与税收、城市设计、教育和健康意识以及促进本地化食品体系相关的政策可能有助于以更低的成本控制肥胖。一些政府已经尝试通过直接干预来控制肥胖，例如对非健康食品和饮品进行征税。美国率先开始实行苏打税。泰国、文莱和新加坡也采取了类似的措施。南非可能会在2018年4月开始征收糖税。加利福利亚的伯克利市政府则认识到，仅仅依靠税收还不足以解决肥胖问题。该市的糖类税收所得均用于支持儿童营养和社区健康计划。这凸显了教育和健康意识的重要性。
There is also promise in initiatives. Urban design holds significant power to reshape lifestyle patterns and public health. Improving the attractiveness of public space can draw residents out of their cars and living rooms. A recent studyof urban neighbourhoods in Shanghai and Hangzhou found that middle-income residents living in walkable neighbourhoods enjoy better health than residents who lived in less walkable neighbourhoods in urban China.
这些倡议中也包含着承诺。城市设计是重塑生活方式和公共健康的重要力量。提升公共空间的美观度可以吸引居民离开自己的汽车和客厅。最近，上海和杭州城市社区的研究发现，在中国城市中，相比于居住在步行街区较少的社区居民，那些居住在步行街区的中等收入居民要更为健康。
Finally, healthier lifestyles begin in grocery store aisles. Governments should encourage tighter connections between agricultural production systems, urban grocers and food vendors. Such initiatives can also help urban residents better understand the mechanics of food sourcing. This raises awareness about the relationship between natural foods and healthy lifestyles. Combining controls on unhealthy foods with policies that incentivize healthy eating and active lifestyles constitute a promising response to rising obesity rates. Improving public health is an important policy developing countries should take from both an economic and social point of view. To quote the recent Global Nutrition Report, reducing obesity will boost global development.
最后，追求更健康的生活方式，从杂货店的货架通道入手。政府应鼓励农业生产系统、城市杂货商和食品供应商之间更加紧密联系。这些倡议还可以帮助城市居民更好地了解食物采购机制。这提高了人们对天然食品和健康生活方式之间关系的认识。将控制不健康食品与鼓励健康饮食和积极生活方式的政策相结合，是对肥胖率上升的积极回应。改善公共卫生，是发展中国家应该从经济和社会角度考虑的一项重要政策。在此引用最新的《全球营养报告》，减少肥胖将推动全球发展。
汉译英
煤炭是地球上储量最为丰富的能源，但反对使用煤炭的声浪日益高涨。煤炭巨大的碳排放量引起气候变化，从而引起公众的担忧。煤炭与其他能源相比，竞争力已经有所下降了。以美国为例，页岩气的出现造成部分出煤量因价格过高而被挤出市场。美国去年煤炭需求接近9.2亿吨。由于天然气价格下跌，今年美国煤炭需求将减少6000万到8000万吨。
Coal is the most abundant energy in the world, but opponents to its use are growing louder. Huge carbon emissions have caused climate change, leading to public concerns. Compared with other types of energy, coal has become less competitive. In the US, for example, the emergence of shale gas has resulted in the fact that some coal output has been priced out of the market. US coal demand last year was close to 920 million tons. However, falls in the price of natural gas will cut US coal demand by 60 to 80 million tons this year.
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